Although the terminal ileum is more or less considered the 30 cm of ileum that precedes the ileocecal valve and cecum, it can also be thought of as a functional definition; the portion of distal ileum that is more lymphatic -rich than the rest of the ileum.
The terminal ileum is supplied mainly by branches of the ileocolic artery which arises off the superior mesenteric artery. Except in cases of intestinal malrotation , the terminal ileum is located in the right lower quadrant on imaging. In addition to more general disorders involving the small bowel, the lymphatic-rich terminal ileum is a common target of some infectious organism and some generalized inflammatory processes.
In addition, because of its location immediately preceding the colon, it can be involved with colonic processes as well. False-positive evaluation for inflammatory bowel disease in the terminal ileum on fluoroscopy may be due to underdistention or nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. Please Note: You can also scroll through stacks with your mouse wheel or the keyboard arrow keys. Updating… Please wait. Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.
Thank you for updating your details. Log In. Sign Up. Become a Gold Supporter and see no ads. In summary, although many advances have been made in the understanding of CD pathogenesis, we still do not fully understand why CD is preferably localized to terminal ileum.
Recently it has been found that some individuals are genetically predisposed to develop ileal CD. The practical implication of this hypothesis is that antibiotic or probiotic treatments should play a primary role in the early treatment of CD ileitis. In conclusion, a constellation of genetic and environment data seems to converge on providing a compelling explanation why CD usually occurs in terminal ileum. These data may not yet give all the answers to the puzzle but they may indicate which questions need to be answered to solve the main enigma of IBD.
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